Raqs karai rooh e azaadi, ke raq sam hai hayat It is behind bars that many of his early poems were penned. My slogan: revolution, revolution, total revolution)Īli Sardar Jafri (1913 - 2000) joined the national movement and went to jail several times because of his political activities. (My name is Youth, my job to bring about change, 'Mera naara, inqilaab o inqilaab o inqilaab Kaam hai mera taghayyar, naam hai mera shabab Josh Malihabadi (1894 -1982), shayar e inqilaab wrote: They wrote on the oppression of the imperialists, capitalists and dictators. Stalwarts of poetry such as Majaz, Kaifi Azmi, Sahir, Faiz, Makhdoom Moinuddin, Amrita Pritam, Rajinder Singh Bedi and Ali Sardar Jafri and many began to write about " Gham e Dauran" (sorrows of the material world) as opposed to " Gham e Jaana'n" (sorrows of the Lover). With the formation of Indian Progressive Writers Association, which was set up in London in 1935, a new phase began. (Hark, the swell and surge of youth on Indian dust,Īs if from the Himalayas it was a cloudburst) Yeh khaak e Hind se paida hain josh ke aasaar Till When will this continue, let us see)īrij Narain Chakbast (1882-1926) used his pen to inculcate patriotism in fellow countrymen: Hindustan's riches are in the clutches of plunderers Till when will freedom be a dream*, let us see
(How long will tyranny succeed, let us see
Rasm e jafa kaamyaab dekhiye kab tak rahe,īe adad o be hisaab dekhiye kab tak rahe! He was, in fact, the first person to demand Azadi-e-Kaamil or complete Independence for India in 1921. Inqilaab Zindabad, coined by the poet Hasrat Mohani (1875-1951) in 1921 as a call against the British, became an anthem for the freedom struggle. (The enemy's bullets we face and feel no pain, Written in 1921 became the cry of a generation of revolutionaries and was hummed by Bhagat Singh, Raj Guru and Sukhdev as they marched to the gallows.Ĭhandrashekhar Azad's (1906-1931) unforgettable lines inspire soldiers even today: Let's see how much power the executioner has ) (The desire to sacrifice my life is now in my heart Sarfaroshi ki tamanna ab hamaare dil mein hai,ĭekhna hai zor kitna baazu e qatil mein hai Urdu played a major role in the freedom struggle with poets like Altaf Hussain Hali, Brij Narain Chakbast, Hasrat Mohani, Zafar Ali Khan, Mohd Ali Jauhar and his brothers Shoukat Ali, Allama Iqbal, Durga Sahai, Suroor Jahanabadi and Trilok Chand Mehroom using it to inspire and mobilise an entire generation. Refusal of Paradise in exchange is for me a must)Īrt and literature - and revolutionary poetry in particular - have always played a significant role in any movement for Independence. His poem " Hub e Watan" emphasised the virtues of patriotism and became very popular with children. For the metaphysical poets the Divine was the Beloved.Īfter the fall of the Mughal Empire and the consolidation of the British Empire, romantic poetry continued to flourish.Īltaf Hussain (1837-1914), who adopted the pen name of Hali (the contemporary), was one of the first poets to raise his voice for freedom from British rule. The initial stages of Urdu, when it replaced Farsi as the poetic language, saw classical poets such as Mir Taqi Mir, Ghalib and Momin writing paens to the Beloved. Urdu, the language born in the streets of Delhi, became the language of love in the 19th century and the language of rebellion in the 20th and 21st centuries.
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